In modern economies, more than a third of (and sometimes over half) the national income is absorbed by governments in the form of taxes; governments employ one in five workers (OECD average), and in Brazil, government consumption accounts for nearly 20% of GDP. It is then indisputable that studying the role of the public sector in the economy is essential to understanding modern societies.

Public finance is the study of government spending (first half of the course) and government revenue (second half of the course). In this course, we apply the tools of microeconomics to understand how to best implement public policies to improve social welfare, as well as how governments should collect revenue and how this collection impacts the economy.