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* Filename: WheatD.CRP
* Contents: SWAP4 - Data for detailed crop model
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* Winter wheat ( Tritium aestivum L.)
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*** PLANT GROWTH SECTION ***

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* Part 1: Crop factor or crop height

* Choose between crop factor and crop height
* Choose crop factor if ETref is used, either from meteo input file (SWETR = 1) or with Penman-Monteith
* Choose crop height if Penman-Monteith should be used with actual crop height, albedo and canopy resistance
  SWCF = 2 ! 1 = crop factor 
           ! 2 = crop height

* If SWCF = 1, list crop factor CF [0..2 -, R],   as function of dev. stage DVS [0..2 -, R]:
* If SWCF = 2, list crop height CH [0..1.d4 cm, R], as function of dev. stage DVS [0..2 -, R]:

    DVS       CH     CF
    0.0      5.0    1.0
    0.5     20.0    1.0
    1.0     50.0    1.1
    2.0     50.0    1.1
* End of Table

* If SWCF = 2, in addition to crop height list crop specific values for:
  ALBEDO =   0.23 ! crop reflection coefficient [0..1.0 -, R]                    
  RSC    =  150.0 ! Minimum canopy resistance [0..10^6 s/m, R]                    
  RSW    =    0.0 ! Canopy resistance of intercepted water [0..10^6 s/m, R]
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* Part 2 : Crop development
*
* Switch for crop development:
  IDSL   = 0 ! 0 = Crop development before anthesis depends on temperature only
             ! 1 = Crop development before anthesis depends on daylength only
             ! 2 = Crop development before anthesis depends on temperature and daylength

* If IDSL = 0 or 2 specify:
  TSUMEA =  1246.00 ! Temperature sum from emergence to anthesis, [0..10000 C, R]
  TSUMAM =  1161.00 ! Temperature sum from anthesis to maturity  [0..10000 C, R]
*
* Part 2b :  daylength
*
* If IDSL = 1 or 2, specify:
  DLO    = 14.0     ! Optimum daylength for crop development [0..24 h, R]
  DLC    =  8.0     ! Minimum daylength, [0..24 h, R]
*
* Part 2c : Vernalization
*
* If IDSL = 2 specify:
  vernsat = 70.0     ! saturated vernalisation requirement [0.0,100.0 days, R]
  vernbase = 14.0    ! base vernalisation requirement [0.0,100.0 days, R]
  verndvs = 0.3      ! critical development stage after which the effect of vernalisation is halted [0.0,0.3 -, R]
*  table with rate of vernalisation as function of tav [days/degrees]
  verntb =
          -10.0   0.0
           -4.0   0.0
            3.0   1.0
           10.0   1.0
           17.0   0.0
           30.0   0.0
*
* List increase in temperature sum [0..60 C, R] as function of daily average temp. [0..100 C, R]
*         TAV  DTSM    (maximum 15 records)
  DTSMTB =
            0.00   0.00
           30.00  30.00
           45.00  30.00
* End of Table
*
  DVSEND =      2.00 ! development stage at harvest [-]
* germination   defined in .swp-file : 
*  INITCRP=1: CROPSTART defines emergence (default), INITCRP=2: CROPSTART defines sowing
* IF INITCRP = 2 specify
  TSUMEMEOPT  =   60.0   ! temperature sum needed for crop emergence     [0..1000 C d, R]
  TBASEM      =    0.0   ! minimum temperature, used for germination trajectory  [0..40 C, R]  
  TEFFMX      =   30.0   ! maximum temperature, used for germination trajectory  [0..40 C, R]  
  HDRYGERM    = -500.0   ! pressure head rootzone for dry germination trajectory [-1000..-0.01 cm, R]
  HWETGERM    =   -50.0 ! pressure head rootzone for wet germination trajectory [-100..-0.01 cm, R]
  AGERM       =  203.    ! a-coefficient Eq. 24/25 Feddes & Van Wijk     [1..1000, R]
  CGERM       = -432.    ! c-coefficient Eq. 24    Feddes & Van Wijk     [1..1000, R]
  BGERM       =  522.    ! b-coefficient Eq. 25    Feddes & Van Wijk     [1..1000, R]  
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* Part 3: Initial values
*
  TDWI   = 210.000 ! Initial total crop dry weight [0..10000 kg/ha, R]
  LAIEM  =  0.1365 ! Leaf area index at emergence [0..10 m2/m2, R]
  RGRLAI = 0.00817 ! Maximum relative increase in LAI [0..1 m2/m2/d, R]
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* Part 4: Green surface area
*

  SPA    =  0.0000 ! Specific pod area  [0..1 ha/kg, R]
  SSA    =  0.0000 ! Specific stem area [0..1 ha/kg, R]
  SPAN   =   35.00 ! Life span under leaves under optimum conditions, [0..366 d, R]
  TBASE  =    0.00 ! Lower threshold temperature for ageing of leaves ,[-10..30 C, R]

* List specific leaf area [0..1 ha/kg, R] as function of crop development stage [0..2 -, R]

*           DVS    SLA    (maximum 15 records)
  SLATB =
           0.00 0.0022
           2.00 0.0022
* End of Table 
*
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* Part 5: Assimilation
*
  KDIF   =    0.60 ! Extinction coefficient for diffuse visible light, [0..2 -, R]
  KDIR   =    0.75 ! Extinction coefficient for direct visible light, [0..2 -, R]
  EFF    =    0.50 ! Light use efficiency for real leaf [0..10 kg/ha/hr/(Jm2s), R]
*
* List max CO2 assimilation rate [0..100 kg/ha/hr, R] as function of development stage [0..2 -, R]
*          DVS    AMAX   (maximum 15 records)
  AMAXTB =
           0.00 45.000
           2.00 45.000
* End of table 

* List reduction factor of AMAX [-, R] as function of average day temperature [-10..50 ºC, R]

*          TAVD   TMPF  (maximum 15 records)
  TMPFTB =
           0.00  0.010
          10.00  0.600
          15.00  1.000
          25.00  1.000
          35.00  0.000
* End of table 

* List reduction factor of AMAX [-, R] as function of minimum day temp. [-10..50 ºC, R]

*          TMNR    TMNF  (maximum 15 records)
  TMNFTB = 
           0.00  0.000
           3.00  1.000
* End of table 
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* Part 6: Conversion of assimilates into biomass
*
  CVL    =  0.6850 ! Efficiency of conversion into leaves,         [0..1 kg/kg, R]
  CVO    =  0.7090 ! Efficiency of conversion into storage organs, [0..1 kg/kg, R]
  CVR    =  0.6940 ! Efficiency of conversion into roots,          [0..1 kg/kg, R]
  CVS    =  0.6620 ! Efficiency of conversion into stems,          [0..1 kg/kg, R]
***********************************************************************************************

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* Part 7: Maintenance respiration
*
  Q10    =  2.0000 ! Rel. increase in respiration rate with temperature, [0..5 /10 C, R]
  RML    =  0.0300 ! Rel. maintenance respiration rate of leaves,  [0..1 kgCH2O/kg/d, R]
  RMO    =  0.0100 ! Rel. maintenance respiration rate of st. org.,[0..1 kgCH2O/kg/d, R]
  RMR    =  0.0150 ! Rel. maintenance respiration rate of roots,   [0..1 kgCH2O/kg/d, R]
  RMS    =  0.0150 ! Rel. maintenance respiration rate of stems,   [0..1 kgCH2O/kg/d, R]
*
* List reduction factor of senescence [-, R] as function of dev. stage [0..2 -, R]
*          DVS    RFSE  (maximum 15 records)
  RFSETB = 
           0.00   1.00
           2.00   1.00
* End of table 
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* Part 8: Partitioning
*
* List fraction of total dry matter increase partitioned to the roots [kg/kg, R]
* as function of development stage [0..3 -, R]

*          DVS     FR    (maximum 15 records)
  FRTB = 
           0.00   0.50
           0.10   0.50
           0.20   0.40
           0.35   0.22
           0.40   0.17
           0.50   0.13
           0.70   0.07
           0.90   0.03
           1.20   0.00
           2.00   0.00
* End of table 

* List fraction of total above ground dry matter increase partitioned to the leaves [kg/kg, R]
* as function of development stage [0..3 -, R]

*          DVS     FL   (maximum 15 records)
  FLTB = 
           0.00   0.65
           0.10   0.65
           0.25   0.70
           0.50   0.50
           0.70   0.15
           0.95   0.00
           2.00   0.00
* End of table 

* List fraction of total above ground dry matter increase partitioned to the stems [kg/kg, R]
* as function of development stage [0..3 -, R]

*          DVS    FS   (maximum 15 records)
  FSTB = 
           0.00   0.35
           0.10   0.35
           0.25   0.30
           0.50   0.50
           0.70   0.85
           0.95   1.00
           1.05   0.00
           2.00   0.00
* End of table 

* List fraction of total above ground dry matter increase partitioned to the storage organs [kg/kg, R]
* as function of development stage [0..3 -, R]

*          DVS    FO    (maximum 15 records)
  FOTB = 
           0.00   0.00
           0.95   0.00
           1.05   1.00
           2.00   1.00
* End of table
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* Part 9: Death rates

  PERDL =   0.030 ! Maximum relative death rate of leaves due to water stress [0..3 /d, R]

* List relative death rates of roots [kg/kg/d] as function of development stage [0..2 -, R]

*          DVS    RDRR    (maximum 15 records)
  RDRRTB = 
          0.0000 0.0000
          1.5000 0.0000
          1.5001 0.0200
          2.0000 0.0200
* End of table

* List relative death rates of stems [kg/kg/d] as function of development stage [0..2 -, R]

*          DVS     RDRS    (maximum 15 records)
  RDRSTB = 
          0.0000 0.0000
          1.5000 0.0000
          1.5001 0.0200
          2.0000 0.0200
* End of table
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* Part 10: Soil water extraction by plant roots                                            
 
* -- Part 10a: Oxygen stress -----------------------

* Switch for oxygen stress:
  SwOxygen = 1      ! 1 = Oxygen stress according to Feddes et al. (1978)
                    ! 2 = Oxygen stress according to Bartholomeus et al. (2008)

* If SwOxygen = 1, specify:
  HLIM1  =    -10.0    ! No water extraction at higher pressure heads [-100..100 cm, R]
  HLIM2U =    -25.0    ! h below which optimum water extr. starts for top layer [-1000..100 cm, R]
  HLIM2L =    -25.0    ! h below which optimum water extr. starts for sub layer [-1000..100 cm, R]

* If SwOxygen = 2, specify:
  SwOxygenType = 1      ! Switch for physical processes or reproduction functions to calculate oxygen stress:
                        ! 1 = Use physical processes
                        ! 2 = Use reproduction functions

* In case of physical processes (SwOxygenType = 2), specify:
  Q10_microbial       = 2.8d0          ! Relative increase in microbial respiration at temperature rise of 10 ºC [1.0..4.0 -, R]
  Specific_resp_humus = 1.6d-3         ! Respiration rate of humus at 25 ºC [0.0..1.0 kg O2/kg ºC/d, R] 
  SRL                 = 151375.d0      ! Specific root length [0.d0..1d10 (m root)/(kg root), R]      
  SwRootRadius        = 2              ! Switch for calculation of root radius:
                                       ! 1 = Calculate root radius
                                       ! 2 = Root radius is given in input file
* If SwRootRadius = 1, specify:
  Dry_mat_cont_roots      = 0.075d0    ! Dry matter content of roots [0..1 -, R]
  Air_filled_root_por     = 0.05d0     ! Air filled root porosity [0..1 -, R]
  Spec_weight_root_tissue = 1.0d3      ! Specific weight of non-airfilled root tissue [0..1d5 (kg root)/(m3 root), R]
  Var_a                   = 4.175d-10  ! Variance of root radius [0..1 -, R]

* If SwRootRadius = 2, specify:
  Root_radiusO2 = 0.00015d0            ! Root radius (mind: in meter!) for oxygen stress module [1d-6..0.1 m, R]
 
* In case of reproduction functions (SwOxygenType = 2), specify:
  SwTopSub     = 2      ! Switch for topsoil or subsoil: 1 = topsoil, 2 = subsoil
  NrStaring    = 3      ! Number of soil type according to Staring series (Wosten et al., 2001), [1..18, I]
 
* -- Part 10b: Drought stress -----------------------

* Switch for drought stress:
  SwDrought = 1      ! 1 = Drought stress according to Feddes et al. (1978)
                     ! 2 = Drought stress according to De Jong van Lier et al. (2008)

* If SwDrought = 1, or in case of irrigation scheduling (SCHEDULE = 1), specify:
  HLIM3H =    -320.0    ! Pressure head below which water uptake reduction starts at high Tpot [-1d4..100 cm, R]
  HLIM3L =    -600.0    ! Pressure head below which water uptake reduction starts at low Tpot [-1d4..100 cm, R]
  HLIM4  =   -8000.0    ! No water extraction at lower soil water pressure heads [-2d4..100 cm, R]
  ADCRH  =       0.5    ! Level of high atmospheric demand, corresponding to HLIM3H [0..5 cm/d, R]     
  ADCRL  =       0.1    ! Level of low atmospheric demand, corresponding to HLIM3L [0..5 cm/d, R]     
  ALPHACRIT =    1.0    ! Critical stress index (Jarvis, 1989) for compensation of root water uptake [0.2..1 -, R]  

* If SwDrought = 2, specify:
  WILTPOINT  = -20000.0 ! Minimum pressure head in leaves [-1d8..-1d2 cm, R]
  KSTEM =       1.03d-4 ! Hydraulic conductance between leaf and root xylem [1d-10..10 /d, R]
  RXYLEM =         0.02 ! Xylem radius [1d-4..1 cm, R]
  ROOTRADIUS =     0.05 ! Root radius [1d-4..1 cm, R]
  KROOT =        3.5d-5 ! Radial hydraulic conductivity of root tissue [1d-10..1d10 cm/d, R] 
  ROOTCOEFA  =     0.53 ! Defines relative distance between roots at which mean soil water content occurs [0..1 -, R]
  SWHYDRLIFT =        0 ! Switch for possibility hydraulic lift in root system [N=0, Y=1]
  ROOTEFF    =      1.0 ! Root system efficiency factor [0..1 -, R]
  STEPHR   =        1.0 ! Step between values of hroot and hxylem in iteration cycle [0..10 cm, R]
  CRITERHR =      0.001 ! Maximum difference of Hroot between iterations; convergence criterium [0...10 cm, R]
  TACCUR =        0.001 ! Maximum absolute difference between simulated and calculated potential transpiration rate (1d-5..1d-2 cm/d, R)
***********************************************************************************************

***********************************************************************************************
* Part 11: salt stress                                            

* Switch salinity stress 
  SWSALINITY = 0  ! 0 = No salinity stress
                  ! 1 = Maas and Hoffman reduction function
                  ! 2 = Use osmotic head

* If SWSALINITY = 1, specify threshold and slope of Maas and Hoffman
  SALTMAX   =  3.0 ! Threshold salt concentration in soil water  [0..100 mg/cm3, R] 
  SALTSLOPE =  0.1 ! Decline of root water uptake above threshold [0..1.0 cm3/mg, R] 

* If SWSALINITY = 2, specify:
  SALTHEAD  =  624.0 ! Conversion salt concentration (mg/cm3) into osmotic head (cm) [0..1000.0 cm/(mg/cm3), R]  
***********************************************************************************************

***********************************************************************************************
* Part 12: interception                                            

* For agricultural crops apply interception concept of Von Hoyningen-Hune and Braden
  SWINTER =  1  ! Switch for rainfall interception method:
                ! 0 = No interception calculated
                ! 1 = Agricultural crops (Von Hoyningen-Hune and Braden)
                ! 2 = Trees and forests (Gash)
  COFAB =  0.25 ! Interception coefficient, corresponding to maximum interception amount [0..1 cm, R]
***********************************************************************************************

***********************************************************************************************
* Part 13: Root growth and root density profile

  RDI    =   10.00 ! Initial rooting depth, [0..1000 cm, R]
  RRI    =    1.20 ! Maximum daily increase in rooting depth, [0..100 cm/d, R]
  RDC    =  125.00 ! Maximum rooting depth of particular cultivar [0..1000 cm, R]
*
* List root density [0..100 cm/cm3, R] as function of relative rooting depth [0..1 -, R]:
* In case of drought stress according to Feddes et al. (1978) (SWDROUGHT = 1), relative root density (-) is sufficient

*    Rdepth Rdensity          ! (maximum 11 records)
  RDCTB =               
     0.0   1.000
     1.0   0.050
* End of table

* Expert-option for rooting depth limitation by relative dry matter increase (dmi/dmipot) 
* (default = no limitation: SWDMI2RD = 0; with limitation: SWDMI2RD = 1)
  SWDMI2RD = 1
**********************************************************************************

* Part 14: Management, other than irrigation, e.g. pests,diseases,nutrients,etc..
* 
 flpotrelmf = .false. ! Flag indicating calculation of attainable yield instead of theoretical potential yield
 relmf = 1.0        ! relative Management factor to reduce crop growth [0..1.0 [-], R]
************************************************************************************


*** IRRIGATION SCHEDULING SECTION ***

**********************************************************************************
* Part 15: General

  SCHEDULE = 0  ! Switch for application irrigation scheduling [Y=1, N=0] 

* If SCHEDULE = 0, no more information is required in this input file! 
* If SCHEDULE = 1, continue ....

  STARTIRR = 1 1 ! Specify day and month at which irrigation scheduling starts [dd mm]
  ENDIRR  = 31 12 ! Specify day and month at which irrigation scheduling stops [dd mm]
  CIRRS = 0.0     ! Solute concentration of irrigation water [0..100 mg/cm3, R]
  ISUAS = 0       ! Switch for type of irrigation method: 
                  ! 0 = sprinkling irrigation
                  ! 1 = surface irrigation

**** FIELD CAPACITY **************************************************************
* Specify pressure head at field capacity which will be used for irrigation timing options

  phFieldCapacity = -100.0   ! Soil water pressure head at field capacity [-1000..0 cm, R] 

**********************************************************************************


**********************************************************************************
* Part 16: Irrigation time criteria

*** Choose one of the following 5 timing options:
  TCS = 1  ! Switch for timing criterion [1..6 -, I]
           ! 1 = Ratio actual/potential transpiration
           ! 2 = Depletion of Readily Available Water
           ! 3 = Depletion of Totally Available Water
           ! 4 = Depletion of absolute Water Amount
           ! 5 = Pressure head or moisture content
           ! 6 = Fixed weekly irrigation, bring root zone back to field capacity
 

* Ratio actual/potential transpiration (TCS = 1)
* If TCS = 1, specify mimimum of ratio actual/potential transpiration Trel [0..1 -, R] as function of crop development stage
  DVS_tc1  Trel   ! (maximum 7 records) 
      0.0  0.95
      2.0  0.95
* End of table


* Depletion of Readily Available Water (TCS = 2) 
* If TCS = 2, specify minimum fraction of readily available water RAW [0..1 -, R] as function of crop development stage
  DVS_tc2   RAW   ! (maximum 7 records)
      0.0  0.95
      2.0  0.95
* End of table


* Depletion of Totally Available Water (TCS = 3)
* If TCS = 3, specify minimal fraction of totally available water TAW [0..1 -, R] as function of crop development stage
  DVS_tc3   TAW   ! (maximum 7 records)
      0.0  0.50
      2.0  0.50
* End of table


* Depletion of absolute Water Amount (TCS = 4)
* If TCS = 4, specify maximum amount of water depleted below field capacity DWA [0..500 mm, R] as function of crop development stage
  DVS_tc4   DWA   ! (maximum 7 records)
      0.0  40.0
      2.0  40.0
* End of table


* Pressure head or Moisture content (TCS = 5), specify
  PHORMC = 0    ! Switch, use either pressure head (PHORMC = 0) or water content (PHORMC = 1)
  DCRIT = -30.0 ! Depth of the sensor [-100..0 cm, R]
* Also specify critical pressure head [-1d6..-100 cm, R] or moisture content [0..1 cm3/cm3, R] as function of crop development stage
  DVS_tc5  Value_tc5
      0.0    -1000.0
      2.0    -1000.0
* End of table

* In case TCS = 5, over-irrigation can be applied if the salinity concentration exceeds a threshold salinity
* Switch for over-irrigation:
  SWCIRRTHRES = 0    ! 0 = No over-irrigation
                     ! 1 = Apply over-irrigation
* If SWCIRRTHRES = 1, specify:
  CIRRTHRES = 8.0    ! Threshold salinity concentration above which over-irrigation occurs [0..100 mg/cm3, R]
  PERIRRSURP = 10.0  ! Over-irrigation as percentage of the usually scheduled irrigation depth [0..100 %, R]

* In case TCS = 6, specify: 
* Fixed weekly irrigation, root zone back to field capacity (TCS = 6), specify
* Threshold value for weekly irrigation; only irrigate when soil water deficit in root zone is larger than threshold
  IRGTHRESHOLD = 1.0       ! threshold value  [0..20 mm, R]


* Switch for minimum time interval between irrigation applications
  TCSFIX = 0       ! 0 = no minimum time interval
                   ! 1 = define minimum time interval
* If TCSFIX = 1, specify:
  IRGDAYFIX = 7    ! Minimum number of days between irrigation applications [1..366 d, I]

**********************************************************************************


**********************************************************************************
* Part 17: Irrigation depth criteria

* Choose one of the following two options for irrigation depth:
  DCS = 1      ! 1 = Back to Field Capacity
               ! 2 = Fixed Irrigation Depth


* Back to Field Capacity (DCS = 1)  
* If DCS = 1, specify amount of under (-) or over (+) irrigation dI [-100..100 mm, R],
* as function of crop development stage [0..2, R]
    DVS_dc1    dI        ! (maximum 7 records)
        0.0  0.0
        2.0  0.0
* End of table
  RAITHRESHOLD = 10.0 ! When rainfall exceeds RAITHRESHOLD, dI is added to Back to Field Capacity [0..1000 cm, R]


* Fixed Irrigation Depth (DCS = 2)
* If DCS = 2, specify fixed irrigation depth FID [0..400 mm, R],
* as function of crop development stage [0..2, R]
    DVS_dc2   FID         ! (maximum 7 records)
        0.0  60.0
        2.0  60.0
* End of table


* Select minimum and maximum of irrigation depths:
  dcslim = 0         ! Switch, limit range irrigation depth  [Y=1, N=0]

* If dcslim = 1, specify:
  irgdepmin = 10.0    !  Minimum irrigation depth [0..100 mm, I]
  irgdepmax = 80.0    !  Maximum irrigation depth [irgdepmin..1d7 mm, I]


* End of .crp file !